What is a common side effect of cyclosporine?

Gingival hyperplasia is a well-documented side effect of cyclosporine, which is an immunosuppressant commonly used in organ transplant patients and in the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases. Cyclosporine can lead to an overgrowth of gum tissues, which can be exacerbated by poor oral hygiene or concurrent use of other medications, such as calcium channel blockers. This side effect typically manifests as swollen and often painful gums, which can lead to difficulties in maintaining oral hygiene and may necessitate periodontal intervention.

While other side effects can occur with cyclosporine use, such as rash, hair loss, or weight gain, gingival hyperplasia is particularly notable and distinctive among patients taking this medication. The underlying mechanisms might involve the drug's influence on cellular processes, leading to the proliferation of gum tissue. This distinction helps clinicians identify and manage this specific side effect effectively.